기후 변화가 해양 생태계에 미치는 영향을 보여주는 바다 색깔 변화

"변화하는 조수: 기후 변화가 바다의 색을 바꾸는 방법"

한때 짙푸른 바다였던 바다가 이제 미묘한 녹색으로 변하고 있습니다. 이러한 색의 변화는 기록적으로 높은 해수면 온도만큼 중요해 보이지는 않지만, 수중 생태계에 중대한 영향을 미칩니다. 바다 표면 아래에는 미세한 광합성 생물인 식물성 플랑크톤 군집이 수중 먹이사슬과 탄소 순환에서 중추적인 역할을 합니다. 이러한 바다 색깔의 변화는 지구 표면의 70%를 덮고 있는 광활한 전 세계 바다의 변화를 알리는 기후 변화가 진행 중임을 보여주는 명백한 신호입니다.

영국 국립해양학센터의 수석 과학자인 B. B. 카엘이 주도한 최근 연구에 따르면 지난 20년 동안 전 세계 바다 표면의 56%에서 색이 크게 변했다는 놀라운 사실이 밝혀졌습니다. NASA의 아쿠아 위성의 MODIS(중분해능 영상 분광기) 기기의 해양 색상 데이터 분석을 통해 밝혀진 이 변화는 주로 바다가 더 푸른 색조를 띠는 것과 관련이 있습니다.

위의 지도는 2002년부터 2022년까지 해수면 색이 변화한 지역을 생생하게 보여줍니다. 녹색이 짙을수록 더 큰 변화를 나타내며, 지난 20년간 해양 생태계의 변화를 감지할 수 있습니다. 이 연구는 열대 및 아열대 지역에 초점을 맞추었으며, 일년 중 일부 기간 동안 어둠이 우세한 고위도 지역과 데이터 노이즈가 자연적으로 더 높은 해안 지역은 제외했습니다.

지도의 검은 점은 연구 기간 동안 엽록소 수치가 진화한 해양 표면의 12%에 해당하는 지역을 나타냅니다. 엽록소는 오랫동안 원격 센싱 과학자들이 식물 플랑크톤의 풍부함과 생산성을 평가하는 표준 측정법으로 사용되어 왔습니다. 그러나 기존의 추정치는 가시광선 색상의 일부에만 의존합니다. 여기에 제시된 녹색 값은 전체 색상 스펙트럼을 포함하므로 전체 생태계를 보다 포괄적으로 이해할 수 있습니다.

원격 감지 분야에서 단일 센서의 장기 데이터 시리즈는 매우 드뭅니다. NASA의 아쿠아 위성이 2022년에 궤도 진입 20주년(설계 수명인 6년을 훨씬 뛰어넘는)을 맞이하면서, 카엘은 데이터에 숨겨진 추세에 대해 궁금해지기 시작했습니다. 그는 수년 동안 수집된 풍부한 해양 색상 정보 중에서 눈에 띄지 않는 것을 발견하고 싶었습니다. "데이터에는 우리가 실제로 활용하는 것보다 더 많은 정보가 인코딩되어 있습니다."라고 그는 설명합니다.

#해양색변화, #기후변화영향, #해양생태계, #식물플랑크톤, #나사데이터, #기후변화연구, #해양생태학, #PACE위성, #환경변화, #담비키퍼, #그린키퍼, #꿀벌마을이야기, #기후이야기, #환경이야기, #탄소이야기

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